Smart Contracts Language

Solidity language。

MAPO-Relay-Chain’s smart contracts mainly use Solidity language as the programming language,The following MAPO-Relay-Chain is collectively referred to as MAPO.

prerequisites

Previous knowledge of programming languages, especially of JavaScript or Python, can help you make sense of differences in smart contract languages. We also recommend you understand smart contracts as a concept before digging too deep into the language comparisons. Intro to smart contracts.

solidity

• Object-oriented, high-level language for implementing smart contracts.

• Curly-bracket language that has been most profoundly influenced by C++.

• Statically typed (the type of a variable is known at compile time).

• Supports:

  • Inheritance (you can extend other contracts).

  • Libraries (you can create reusable code that you can call from different contracts – like static functions in a static class in other object oriented programming languages).

  • Complex user-defined types.

important-links

• Documentation

• Solidity Language Portal

• Solidity by Example

• GitHub

• Solidity Gitter Chatroom bridge to Solidity Matrix Chatroom

• Cheat Sheet

• Solidity Blog

• Solidity Twitter

example-contract

/ SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
pragma solidity >= 0.7.0;

contract Coin {
    // The keyword "public" makes variables
    // accessible from other contracts
    address public minter;
    mapping (address => uint) public balances;

    // Events allow clients to react to specific
    // contract changes you declare
    event Sent(address from, address to, uint amount);

    // Constructor code is only run when the contract
    // is created
    constructor() {
        minter = msg.sender;
    }

    // Sends an amount of newly created coins to an address
    // Can only be called by the contract creator
    function mint(address receiver, uint amount) public {
        require(msg.sender == minter);
        require(amount < 1e60);
        balances[receiver] += amount;
    }

    // Sends an amount of existing coins
    // from any caller to an address
    function send(address receiver, uint amount) public {
        require(amount <= balances[msg.sender], "Insufficient balance.");
        balances[msg.sender] -= amount;
        balances[receiver] += amount;
        emit Sent(msg.sender, receiver, amount);
    }
}

This example should give you a sense of what Solidity contract syntax is like. For a more detailed description of the functions and variables, see the docs.

solidity-advantages

• If you are a beginner, there are many tutorials and learning tools out there.

• Good developer tooling available.

• Solidity has a big developer community, which means you'll most likely find answers to your questions quite quickly.

further-reading

• OpenZeppelin
• Solidity example